Other name: all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA)
Retinoic acid (RA) serves as a metabolite of vitamin A (retinol) and operates as a morphogen, directing cell differentiation and embryonic patterning during early developmental stages. Alongside certain molecules, RA plays a crucial role in overseeing the appropriate development of the craniofacial region and skeleton in vertebrates.
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Botanical name: Pyrus Sp.
Pear powder is a potent red substance known for its ability to enter the human body and promote blood production. Abundant in fiber and vitamins, it offers a wealth of nutritional benefits. With high fiber content, it provides a rich source of nutrients, including vitamins A, C, K, B2, B3, and B6, as well as essential minerals like calcium, magnesium, potassium, copper, and manganese. The elevated antioxidant content in Pear Powder makes it an excellent choice for enhancing the immune system and combating free radicals in the body.
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Ceramides constitute a family of lipid molecules composed of sphingosine and a fatty acid. They are prominently present in the cell membrane of cells, with high concentrations. Alongside other sphingolipids, ceramides assume crucial roles in orchestrating cellular responses to external stimuli and stress.
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Other name: 4,4′,5,5′,6,6′-Hexahydroxydiphenic acid 2,6,2′,6′-dilactone
Ellagic acid (EA) is a bioactive polyphenolic compound that occurs naturally as a secondary metabolite in various plant species. Pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) and certain tree species’ wood and bark are notable sources with substantial concentrations of EA.
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Other name: Azelex and Finacea.
Azelaic acid is a naturally derived acid present in grains like barley, wheat, and rye. Renowned for its antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties, it proves effective in addressing skin conditions such as acne and rosacea.
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Kojic Acid Dipalmitate is the diesterified form of Kojic acid, with Dipalmitate being the superior counterpart. This derivative exhibits heightened effectiveness in skin lightening and boasts enhanced stability. Widely employed in the cosmetic industry, its skin lightening prowess stems from its ability to modulate tyrosinase activity.
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Other name: 5-Hydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)-4-pyrone, 2-hydroxymethyl-5-hydroxy-γ-pyrone
Kojic acid, a fungal metabolic by-product, is generated by certain species of Aspergillus, notably A. oryzae, commonly referred to as koji in Japanese. This acid emerges as a by-product during the fermentation of malted rice, a key component in the production of sake, the traditional Japanese rice wine.
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Other name: Hydroxybutanedioic acid 2-Hydroxysuccinic acid (L/D)-Malic acid (±)-Malic acid (S/R)-Hydroxybutanedioic acid
Malic acid, an alpha hydroxy acid present in specific fruits and wines, finds applications in both food and cosmetics, and occasionally in medicinal contexts. With its sour and acidic nature, malic acid proves effective in exfoliating the skin, aiding in the removal of dead skin cells when topically applied.
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Caffeic acid (CA), a phenolic compound synthesized by various plant species, can be found in commonly consumed items like coffee, wine, tea, and medicinal substances like propolis. This phenolic acid and its derivatives exhibit antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticarcinogenic properties.
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Other name: Licorice extract
Glabridin, a chemical compound present in the root extract of licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra), belongs to the isoflavane category, specifically classified as an isoflavonoid. Within the broader context of plant-derived molecules known as natural phenols, Glabridin stands out. Its notable attribute lies in its effective inhibition of platelet activation, suggesting potential therapeutic applications for thromboembolic disorders.
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